I receive a lot of email asking about heavy bag
training. Many of my web site visitors arrive at
the site by searching the term “heavy bag” in the
search engines. I can only guess that many of
you use or are considering heavy bag training as
part of your conditioning and self-defense
program.
This article was initiated by an email asking a
heavy bag question. I hope you can benefit from
our discussion. Let me know what you
think…Here’s what the email said:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
“I just read your article on heavy bag training.
I’ve begun using the heavy bag for a good
cardio/cross training workout. After training, my
hands are often fatigued and slightly bruised. I
believe my technique is O.K. but perhaps I’m
hitting the bag harder than necessary. I wear
wraps and decent bag gloves. I’ve been searching
the Internet for an article on this very issue for
some time and couldn’t find an answer. I’m sure
others have the same problem. Any Advice?”
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Pounding on a heavy bag can be an excellent form
of exercises. If done right, it’s an excellent way
to build your stamina, tone your muscles, improve
bone density and develop self-defense related
qualities. If done wrong however, heavy bag
training can produce negative results and lead to
injuries.
The problem of sore hands and joint pain is
common, especially if you are new to bag work.
BAG WORK STRESSES THE BODY.
Like other forms of exercises, bag work
“stresses” your body. Improvement comes from
alternating periods of stress and recovery.
Stress the body, let it recover and adapt,
then stress it again That’s what “training” is.
Over time you increase the intensity and/or
duration of your training sessions as your body
becomes stronger and more resilient.
MUSCLES ADAPT FASTER THAN CONNECTIVE TISSUE
It’s important to know that muscles adapt faster
than the connective tissues (tendons &
ligaments)that hold you together. When you begin
heavybag training, your hitting power can quickly
surpass the resilience of connective tissue. The
result can be soreness and connective tissue injury…
That’s not good!
THE MYTH OF NO PAIN, NO GAIN?
If you are into training for the long haul (you
should be) you need to acknowledge your
limitations and avoid over-training and activities
that can lead to injuries. Learn to listen to your
body and respect the feedback that it gives you.
Training with the pain of lactic acid build up
(the burning feeling of a muscle that is being
worked)or through the discomfort of exhausting blitz
work is fine.
However training through intense pain, joint
soreness or bruising can only lead to chronic problems.
Taking care of your body and avoiding injury should be
your number one priority when designing your training
program. After all, self-defense IS about
“protecting” your body, isn’t it?
POINTS TO CONSIDER:
Here are a few pointers to consider when
training on a heavy bag.
*** Don’t KILL the bag! ***
The single biggest mistake made when doing heavy
bag work is to try to “kill” the bag. Trying to
hit the bag too hard over-stresses the body and
destroys the mechanics of the skills you are trying
to develop.
In addition to increasing the potential for
injury, your strikes and kicks become slow, sloppy
and off balanced.
*** Do it right, Keep it Tight! ***
Focus on staying relaxed, hitting with perfect
biomechanics, and hitting fast. Striking power
is a byproduct of speed and technique. Keep in
mind that the heavy bag is a big inanimate object.
It doesn’t hit back.
Always work on strikes and kicks that start from
and return to a solid, well protected body
position.
Sloppy bag work results in bad habits and the
development of strikes and kicks that you’ll
never land in a sparring match or street fight.
*** Hit Don’t Push ***
There’s a big difference between hitting and
pushing. If you try to over penetrate the bag
when you hit it, you won’t be able to generate
knockout power. Many people are told to punch
“through” the target when they are learning to
punch. If this advice is misunderstood, it can
sabotage your punching power.
You should make impact with the bag as your arm
nears full extension. You should penetrate a
couple of inches beyond the “surface” of the bag for
optimal energy transfer.
Consider that your fist accelerates from the
time you initiate a punch and continues to do so
until it reaches full extension. The closer to full
extension you are when you land your punch the more
speed, and therefore striking power you will be able
to generate.
Listen to the bag for feedback about whether your
hitting or pushing. If you are getting a good
clean hit, you will hear a nice “crack” as opposed
to a dull thud when you hit the bag. The bag should
not swing much if you are hitting properly.
*** Lighten Up ***
Supplement your heavy bag training with focus
mitts and Thai pads. Focus mitts are flat, padded
“gloves” that boxing trainers use to develop
punching speed and precision. Thai pads are larger
pads that are held along the trainer’s forearms to
work on both strikes and kicks.
The advantage of this equipment is that there is
less resistance on impact and therefore less
strain on the body from striking them. They also
allow a wide variety of training drills that will
develop timing, distance, movement and accuracy.
Of course the “downside” is that you will need a
partner to hold them for you.
*** Take a Break ***
If you lifted weights every day, doing the same
exercises for the same muscles, you’d quickly
become over-trained and potentially injured.
Impact work (hitting things) is no different. If
you do too much, too often without taking adequate
time off in between workouts your body cannot recover
and adapt. I suggest you keep your heavy bag
workouts to a couple per week; three at the most.
*** Try Boxing Gloves ***
When I train people who are new to heavy bag
work, I encourage them to use boxing gloves
instead of bag gloves.
The extra padding acts as a better shock absorber
that reduces the impact energy on the knuckles and
reduces strain on the wrists, elbows and shoulders.
A quality pair of 12 to 14 ounce boxing gloves
should do the trick.
*** To Wrap or Not To Wrap ***
Hand wraps are cotton strips that are used by boxers to bind and support their hands during punching practice.
I don’t wrap my hands when I do heavy bag work.
(although, I’ve been hitting for 30 years). When
I use hand wraps, I feel a lot more direct impact
on my knuckles. I guess there is less “give” to the
hands and the energy doesn’t dissipate on impact as
effectively.
I can’t tell you whether or not you should be
wrapping your hands. Try hitting the bag with and
without hand wraps and use your own judgment as
to what feels better.
WRAP UP
Key Points to Avoiding Heavy Bag Training
Injuries:
=> Don’t “Kill” the bag
=> Do it right, keep it tight – don’t get sloppy
=> Hit don’t push the bag
=> Lighten up with focus mitts and Thai pad
training
=> Consider using boxing gloves instead of bag
gloves
=> Experiment with hand wraps
There you have it… my opinion on bag work and injury reduction. If your hands or joints are
sore from doing bag work, I suggest you give them a
few weeks off and replace your bag work with lower
impact training drills.
Punching and kicking in front of a mirror
=(shadow boxing) for example is a great cardio workout
and an excellent way to assess and monitor your
technique. If you use the heavy bag intelligently it can
provide you with years of safe, productive training and
conditioning. It’s a great piece of equipment.
Take care, train smart and stay safe…
Randy LaHaie
www.ProtectiveStrategies.com
Randy LaHaie is the president of Protective Strategies and has been teaching reality-based
self-defense for over 30 years. He is the author
of several “Toughen Up Combative Training Guides”
(http://www.ToughenUp.com)
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